Dog breeds – myth or truth? How breed affects behavior and obedience
When we think of dogs, we often get carried away by the visual impression and stories of socially established "warriors" or "cute puppies." But in reality, does breed determine how a dog will act, whether obedient or "dangerous"? Let's see what science says.
How much influence does breed actually have?
Large studies such as Darwin's Ark and analyses of genetic data have shown that breed explains only about 9 % of behavioral diversity among dogs. This means that 91 % of behaviors are not a genetic breed predisposition , but are shaped by training, environment, and individual temperament . (1*)
Dangerous breeds – myth or reality?
There is still widespread prejudice against certain dog breeds, such as pit bulls, cane corsas, and rottweilers. However, research shows that aggression is not based on breed – it is, at most, a combination of inappropriate upbringing, poor socialization, and environment.
For example, the pit bull, often portrayed as aggressive, has received a stigma in culture, while research finds that pit bulls are often gentle, loyal, and have low levels of aggression – a fact supported by their owners. (2*)
Does obedience depend on breed?
According to The Spruce Pets, the most obedient breeds tend to be border collies, Labradors, poodles, and vizslas—with intelligence, motivation, and a willingness to please playing a key role. However, there are also breeds that require more patience (e.g., greyhounds, Shiba Inu).
In fact: a trained, socialized dog of any breed can be extremely obedient , regardless of the underlying genetic predisposition.
Environment, training and interaction – the right formula
Although there are genetic guidelines for certain breeds (e.g. energy in working dogs), the factors that most shape a dog remain:
- Training – consistency, positive reinforcement, and socialization from a young age are key.
- Environment – exposure to people, animals, sounds, and situations builds confidence.
- Ownership care – energy, consistency, and quality of interaction lay the foundation for a balanced relationship.
What does this mean for you?
- Don't choose a dog based solely on its appearance – research its needs, temperament, and the lifestyle you can offer it.
- Prioritize an individual approach - knowing your dog means understanding what makes it happy, what stresses it out, and how best to work with it.
- Avoid breed prejudices – there are no "good" or "bad" breeds , only responsible and irresponsible owners.
The breed of dog is only part of the story. What matters more is your attitude, effort, and heart connection – these are the foundation on which dogs build confidence, obedience, and happiness. And whether you have a dachshund, a Labrador, or a mixed breed – it can all be an amazing experience – if you have the love, the will, and the right information.
Read more: Raising a dog - building trust, respect and a joyful bond
Literature: (*)
1. Source: Ground-Breaking Research Shows Breed As a Poor Predictor of Behavior, (Janis Bradley), https://nationalcanineresearchcouncil.com/ground-breaking-research-shows-breed-as-a-poor-predictor-of-behavior/
2. Source: Aggression, behavior, and animal care among pit bulls and other dogs adopted from an animal shelter, (A.MacNeil-Allcock, NM Clarke, RA Ledger, D Fraser), https:// www.cambridge.org/core/journals/animal-welfare/article/abs/aggression-behaviour-and-animal-care-among-pit-bulls-and-other-dogs-adopted-from-an-animal-shelter/7A591C13F68F5D6EA25791159959E4C3